Articles | Vivekananda International Foundation

Op Sindoor: The Strategy of ‘Strategic Success’

May 20, 2025 Lt Gen (Dr) Rakesh Sharma (Retd.), Distinguished Fellow, VIF Article

Wars are ageless and can indeed begin unannounced, as was proven in India-Pakistan context. On 22 April 2025, it could not be predicted that on 07 May, there would commence a modern shooting war. Four days of calibrated military action followed an un....

National Security and Strategic Studies

Tags : Article , S 400 , Cyber Weapons , Nuclear threat , Akashteer , Battle Field Transparency , Directed Energy weapons

Indian Defence Technologies in Support of Operation Sindoor

May 19, 2025 Prof Hari Babu Srivastava, Distinguished Fellow, VIF | Prof G Satheesh Reddy Commentary

The blitzkrieg of Indian technologies was on full display during the short but decisive engagement between India and Pakistan during 6/7 to 10/11 May 2025. The engagement decisively proved the superiority of Indian radars, missiles, rockets, drones, ....

National Security and Strategic Studies , Defence , Technological and Scientific Studies

Tags : Commentary , DRDO , BrahMos , Aatamnirbhar Bharat , Akash AD System , Akashteer , Cyber Defence

India's Strategic Crossroads: Reassessing Partnerships Post-Pahalgam

May 16, 2025 Anurag Bisen, Senior Fellow, VIF Commentary

The Pak-sponsored terrorist attack in Pahalgam on April 22, 2025, which resulted in the tragic loss of 26 lives, has once again thrust India into a complex web of regional tensions and international diplomacy. While India responded unequivocally with....

National Security and Strategic Studies , Governance and Political Studies

Tags : Commentary , Indian foreign policy , Strategic Autonomy , US-India Relations , Cross-border terrorism , Operation Sindoor , Pahalgam Attack 2025 , India Pakistan hyphenation , Ceasefire diplomacy , India’s counter-terrorism strategy , Reassessing strategic alliances , Geopolitics of South Asia , US mediation in Indo-Pak conflict , Russia and Israel support for India , Pak sponsored terrorism

Operation Sindoor: Story, success, takeaways

May 14, 2025 S Gurumurthy, Chairman, VIF Commentary

The Pakistani site went on to say, “The concept has recently gained currency with the Indian strategic community.” India’s stunning military project, Operation Sindoor, to punish the terrorist Pakistan was planned and executed with admirabl....

National Security and Strategic Studies , Neighbourhood Studies , Pakistan , Governance and Political Studies

Tags : Commentary , Narendra Modi , S 400 , Operation Sindoor , Defence forces

Denmark-Greenland Helmsmanship in the Arctic Council: Charting a New Course (2025–2027)

May 14, 2025 Anurag Bisen, Senior Fellow, VIF Commentary

Denmark assumed the rotating chairship (2025-2027) of the Arctic Council from Norway (2023-2025) during the 14th Arctic Council Ministerial Meeting on May 12, 2025, in Tromsø, Norway, marking a milestone in Arctic governance. ....

International Relations and Diplomacy , Indo-Pacific

Tags : Commentary , Climate Change , Global South , Arctic Council , Arctic Geopolitics , Arctic governance , India’s Arctic policy , Denmark Chairship 2025–2027 , Greenland foreign policy , Indigenous Peoples , Arctic biodiversity , Arctic diplomacy , Arctic Sea routes , Arctic Observer states

Operation Sindoor: Paradigm shift from candle lights to BrahMos

May 13, 2025 S Gurumurthy, Chairman, VIF Article

Within 15 days of the Pahalgam slaughter, Team Modi accomplished the explicitly declared mission by hitting nine terror bases in Pakistan and killed over 100 jihadis. Operation Sindoor against Pahalgam attack achieves military, political, psycholo....

Terrorism , National Security and Strategic Studies , Pakistan , Governance and Political Studies

Tags : Article , Pakistan , Terrorists , Article 370 , Pahalgam Attack , Narendra Modi , Operation Sindoor

Indigenization of Indian Air Force: Strategic Shift in Political Economy

May 09, 2025 Brig (Dr) Ashok Pathak (Retd.) Article

Deja Vu in 2025: Return of the HF 24 Debate Three and a half decades after India ‘retired’ an indigenous fighter air craft -HF 24 Marut (after using it successfully in war), we are on the brink of a similar situation. These are the i....

National Security and Strategic Studies , Defence

Tags : Article , LCA , F 35 , Su57 , Stealth Aircraft , AMCA , HF 24

Pushed to the Brink: The Alarming Toll of Climate Change on Our Oceans

May 09, 2025 PK Khup Hangzo Article

Coral reefs, often referred to as the “rainforests of the sea,” are among the most biodiverse and crucial ecosystems on Earth. They sustain around 830,000 species[1] - over....

National Security and Strategic Studies , Climate Change

Tags : Article , Climate Change , Marine heatwaves , Ocean warming , Fourth global coral bleaching event , Marine litter

Opposite ends of the Pendulum: Syama Prasad Mukherjee and Nehru on Pakistan and China

May 07, 2025 Raghvendra Singh, Senior Fellow, VIF Article

It was axiomatic that different ideologies would exist in different parts of the world. The whole world obviously could never be built on one pattern. Syama Babu believed that trouble arose only when ideologies and principles, either peacefully or vi....

Historical and Civilisational Studies

Tags : Article , India , Pakistan , China , Tibet , McMahon Line , Nehru Liaquat Pact , plebiscite , Syama Babu , UNO

A Strategy of Protracted Warfare

May 05, 2025 Lt Gen (Dr) Rakesh Sharma (Retd.), Distinguished Fellow, VIF Article

Protracted War, as a terminology, theorizes of a military strategy, penned by Mao Zedong, in On Protracted War (1938), emphasizing long-term struggle and attrition, drawing the enemy into favourable terrain, and gradually escalating from guerr....

Terrorism , Jammu & Kashmir , National Security and Strategic Studies

Tags : Article , Pakistan Army , Gen Asim Munir , Pahalgam terror attack , Anti Indianism , Protracted war