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VIF Briefs
State Power through Religious Symbolism in Pakistan: From Imran Khan to Asim Munir
Dr Angana Kotokey, Research Associate, VIF

This Issue Brief begins by analysing Imran Khan’s growing popular support within the context of Asim Munir’s power struggle with him, who in a similar fashion, attempts to implement a religious discourse to enhance his populist appeal and...

July 9, 2025 Download
Pakistan, Neighbourhood Studies
Tags: Asim Munir, Imran Khan, India, Islam and Politics, Islamization, Jammu and Kashmir, Pahalgam, Pakistan, Pakistan Military, Political Power, Populism, Zia-ul-Haq
Navigating India-EU Cooperation: Security Implications of Energy Dependencies
Dr Shreya Sinha, Associate Fellow, VIF

The evolving dynamics of global energy security underscore the criticality of strategic cooperation between India and the European Union (EU). India, the largest democracy, and the EU, the largest cluster of democracies, are two major global...

June 11, 2025 Download
International Relations and Diplomacy
Tags: Energy Dependencies, European Union, Gaza Conflict, Geopolitics, India, India-EU Cooperation, Russia-Ukraine War, Security Implications
From Kabul to Khyber: Tracing the Shift in Poppy Cultivation from Afghan Fields to Pakistan’s Borderlands
Dr Angana Kotokey, Research Associate, VIF

Poppy cultivation in Afghanistan and Pakistan is not a recent development; it has been practiced for decades and remains a vital source of livelihood for many in the region. Its expansion can largely be attributed to the failure of state...

May 21, 2025 Download
Afghanistan, Neighbourhood Studies
Tags: Afghan Farmers, Afghanistan, Ban on Poppy Farming, Clandestine Networks, Drug trade, Geopolitics, Pakistan, Poppy Cultivation, Taliban
The International Maritime Organisation’s Net-Zero Framework: Implications for Indian Maritime Sector
Anurag Bisen, Senior Fellow, VIF

The International Maritime Organization’s (IMO) 2025 Net-Zero Framework represents a pivotal step toward decarbonising global shipping, mandating stricter carbon intensity standards through market-based and technical measures. This Issue Brief...

April 24, 2025 Download
Indo-Pacific, International Relations and Diplomacy
Tags: Blue Economy, decarbonisation, Fleet Modernisation, Green Shipping, IMO 2025, Maritime India, Net zero, Net Zero Shipping, Port Infrastructure, Ship Retrofitting
Why does India still need coal? Putting India’s use of coal in the right context
Dr J.R. Bhatt, Distinguished Fellow, VIF

Vivekananda International Foundation brings out a Policy Brief titled Why does India still need coal? Rich countries vilify coal with India as a specific target, while expanding on their own oil and gas resources. Nations like the UK, the...

April 22, 2025 Download
Governance and Political Studies
Tags: Coal phase down, Energy afordability, Geopolitics of energy, Global climate action, India energy needs, India energy security, Intermittency of solar and wind power
Synergizing Aspirations: Producing Indian’s Own Civil Passenger Aircraft
Gp Capt (Dr) Asheesh Shrivastava

With effect from January 01, 2025, the new act; ‘Bharatiya Vayuyan Adhiniyam-2024” comes into force. It replaces the 90 years old British era ‘Aircraft Act 1934’. Earlier, in August, 2024, the Minister for Civil Aviation Shri Kinjarapu Rammohan...

March 6, 2025 Download
National Security and Strategic Studies, Defence, Governance and Political Studies
Tags: Aircraft Act 1934, Bharatiya Vayuyan Adhiniyam 2024, Boeing Airbus, Indian Civil Aircraft, Indian Regional Transport Aircraft, Indigenous aircraft, Make in India
Swami Vivekananda on Human and Non-Traditional Security
Anurag Bisen, Senior Fellow, VIF

Swami Vivekananda’s concept of security was deeply holistic, encompassing the physical, emotional, and spiritual aspects of human life. He believed that genuine security could not be attained solely through material wealth or physical protection...

November 22, 2024 Download
National Security and Strategic Studies, Historical and Civilisational Studies
Tags: Human Security, Non-Traditional Security, Security, Swami Vivekanada.
India’s Growing FinTech Cooperation : Bridging Borders and Empowering Digital Economies
Dr Saroj Bishoyi, Senior Fellow, VIF

India has emerged as a leader in the Financial Technology (FinTech) innovation and growing acceptance of its digital payments mark an important milestone in the global expansion of India’s digital payment system. The cross-border digital...

November 1, 2024 Download
Technological and Scientific Studies
Tags: Digital India, Digital Literacy, Digital Payments, DPI, Fast Payments System, Fintech, Global South, NIPL, NPCI, QR code, RBI, RuPay Card, SWIFT System, UPI
Project 2025: Potential Implications for U.S. - India Relations
PK Khup Hangzo

Voters in the U.S. will go to the polls on November 5 to elect their next president. The election was initially meant to be between President Joe Biden and Donald Trump. However, President Biden ended his campaign in July and endorsed Vice-...

October 24, 2024 Download
International Relations and Diplomacy
Tags: India, President Biden, Project 2025, Trump administration, US, US Congress, US elections
Project 2025: What a Trump Administration Portends for India
Amb P S Raghavan, Distinguished Fellow, VIF

As the US Presidential race reaches the home stretch, the political rhetoric becomes shriller, accentuating the polarization in American society. Almost every major US media outlet has become an extension of one or the other campaign. Channels...

October 22, 2024 Download
US, International Relations and Diplomacy
Tags: India, President Biden, Project 2025, Trump administration, US, US Congress, US elections
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