Prerna Gandhi is an Associate Fellow at the Vivekananda International Foundation, New Delhi. Previously she has completed her MPhil in Japanese Studies and MA in East Asian Studies from Dept. of East Asian Studies, University of Delhi. With close to a decade of working in international relations research, Prerna writes and speaks on the interplay of developments in China, Japan, Korean Peninsula, Indo-Pacific, ASEAN, and United States etc.

Contributions 
Assessing ‘China’s National Security in the New Era’: Implications for India In 2014, President Xi Jinping introduced the concept of ‘Overall National Security’ or comprehensive national security, marking a significant shift in China’s security paradigm beyond traditional military concerns. China’s evolving security p...

Reimagining India’s Strategic Culture: From Endurance to Environment-Shaping India’s strategic culture is deeply intertwined with its civilizational history, reflecting a blend of moral philosophy, pragmatic statecraft, and enduring resilience. Unlike Chinese strategy, which is often interpreted through the lens of Sun Tzu�...

Tariffs from an American Perspective: Reshaping of US Economic Model Tariffs have once again emerged as a cornerstone of US economic policy under the Trump 2.0 administration. On April 2, 2025, President Donald J. Trump declared a national emergency[1]...

No Peak China: Reanalysing China’s Economic Model Since Donald J. Trump’s start of second term as US president, his executive decisions have triggered disruptions that could fundamentally reshape the global order. To understand China’s potential to alter the balance of power, it is crucial to re...

China’s 2024 Review and Outlook for 2025 In 2024, China commemorated the 75th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China. The Third Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, held from July 15 to 18, 2024, emphasized structural transformation, technological innova...

VIF Papers 
Japan’s Changing Security Discourse from the prism of its Deterrence Imperative ... US-Japan alliance is cornerstone for Japan’s security and its deterrence. However, despite conflicts of interests and intermittent tensions, Japan has never sought to replace the alliance with its own defense capabilities .. Though Japan’s s...

VIF Briefs 
Threat of Military Conflict on Korean Peninsula ..... the latent possibilities of a conflict have now moved into the direction of a US-North Korea conflict. The increased pace of nuclear and missile testing under Kim Jong-un’s supremacy has sought to hasten North Korea’s surge of being able to...

Event Reports 
Interaction with Visiting Delegation from Naval Armament Depots of Naval HQ, MoD The Vivekananda International Foundation (VIF) hosted a high-level interaction with a visiting delegation from the Naval Armament Depots, Naval HQ, Ministry of Defence, on 9 May 2025. The session began with welcome remarks from Lt Gen Ravi Sawhney, C...

Talk by Amb Mohan Kumar on Future Trajectory of International Trade and Implications for India The VIF held a talk by Amb Mohan Kumar, Dean/Professor at OP Jindal Global University on 14 April 2025 on "Future Trajectory of International Trade and Implications for India”. After initial remarks by Dr Arvind Gupta, Director VIF, Amb Kumar spo...

Discussion on Navigating Trump's 2025 Tariffs on India The VIF held a discussion on "Navigating Trump's 2025 Tariffs on India" on 16 April 2025. After Opening Remarks by Dr Arvind Gupta, Director VIF, there were two initial presentations by Dr Rajiv Kumar, Former Vice Chairman, NITI Aayog and Mr S...

Book discussion on Changing Geopolitics of Global Communication On January 2, 2025, the Vivekananda International Foundation (VIF) hosted a discussion on Professor Daya Thussu’s book, Changing Geopolitics of Global Communication. The session began with opening remarks by Dr. Arvind Gupta, Director of VIF...

Trilateral Web Conference on "Emerging Strategic Environment in the Indo-Pacific" The Vivekananda International Foundation organized a trilateral webinar with the Japan Institute of National Fundamentals and the Prospect Foundation on 29 September 2022 on "Emerging Strategic Environment in the Indo-Pacific". After initial remarks ...

VIF Reports 
Monthly Compilation of Views of VIF Expert Groups: November - December 2023 As 2023 came to a close, the Vivekananda International Foundation (VIF) deliberated on regional issues with implications for India as part of the discussions in its Strategic Issues Group. The ongoing Israel–Palestine conflict has serious implicati...

Outreach 
India-ROK in the Age of Indo-Pacific: Synergizing the Act East and the New Southern Policy Published in Ytharth Magazine (SIS, JNU Initiative) on 21 September 2022....

Impact of Demographic Transition on International Relations Published in Usanas Foundation on 3rd May 2021....

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